Compradores, vendedores y el mercado; El mercado es una estructura donde compradores y vendedores se encuentran e intercambian bienes y determinan precios. En las economías de mercado modernas, todo tiene un precio y ninguna organización del gobierno controla el mercado.
En esta lección aprenderemos vocabulario relacionado con la actividad de comprar y vender en el mercado.
Tabla de contenidos
Diferencia entre customer y client
En inglés cotidiano, customer y client se pueden usar para referirse a la misma persona u organización – para la mayoría de la gente no hay diferencia entre ellos. Sin embargo, técnicamente son ligeramente diferentes:
Customer es una persona u organización que compra productos de una empresa.
Client es una persona u organización que compra servicios de una persona u organización profesional. Algunos ejemplos de profesionales son:
| lawyers (abogados) | dan servicios legales a una persona o a una organización |
| accountants (contables) | preparan los registros financieros de una persona u organización |
| architects (arquitectos) | diseñan nuevos edificios/casas y se aseguran de que se construyen de acuerdo al plan |
Hay algunos profesionales que tiene términos específicos para sus clientes.
Por ejemplo: teachers – students; doctors – patients.
End-user (usuario final) es una persona u organización que usa los productos/servicios comprados por la empresa. Por ejemplo: ABC Inc. bought 50 new computer sets to be used by its staff. The staff is the end-user of the computer sets bought by the company.
Consumer (consumidor) es una persona que compra productos para su propio uso. A mother who bought diapers in the store is a customer, and her baby is the consumer.
¿Quiénes son los buyers (compradores) y sellers (vendedores)?
Un comprador (buyer o purchaser) es una persona u organización que compra algo. En algunas organizaciones grandes, tienen gerentes de compra (purchasing managers) que son responsables de comprar los bienes que la empresa utiliza o vende.
Un vendedor (seller o vendor) es una persona que vende algo. Los vendedores callejeros (street vendors) son personas que venden cosas en la calle.
Palabras y frases relacionadas con comprar y vender:
| Palabras/frases | Significado | Traducción |
| beat someone to market | to make available for people to buy before competitors can do so | llegar antes al mercado |
| bring/take someone to market | to make a product available for people to buy | llevar a alguien o algo al mercado |
| digital commerce | the buying and selling of goods on the Internet | comercio digital |
| time to market | the time it takes to make a product available to buy | tiempo de comercialización |
| barter | the system of paying goods/services with other goods/services instead of money | trueque |
| concierge economy | an economy where good/services can be used using applications and available almost everywhere | sistema económico relacionado con apps |
El mercado (The market)
Un mercado (market) es un lugar o evento donde las personas compran o venden productos o servicios.
Una economía de mercado (market economy) es un sistema económico donde los bienes y servicios, se hacen, se venden, se comparten y los precios vienen dados por el ajuste entre la oferta y la demanda.
Algunas palabras y frases relacionadas con MARKET:
| Palabras/frases | Significado | Traducción |
| free market | an economic system where the government has only a small amount of control, where prices are decided by the level of demand and production of goods and services | mercado libre |
| buyer’s market | this is a good time to buy a particular good because it is available, so the price is low | mercado de compradores |
| seller’s market | this means that there are very few products available, so the price is high | mercado de vendedores |
| marketplace | the system of buying and selling in competitive conditions | mercado |
| market force/pressure | the force that decides price levels in a trading system and not influenced by the government | fuerza/presión de mercado |
| market price | a price that people are willing to buy and is not set by the government | precio de mercado |
| market reforms | changes made by the government to an economy to make it more like a market economy | reformas de mercado |
Ejercicios sobre Compradores, vendedores y el mercado
Elige la mejor respuesta.
- Mary was so furious because a ______ left her restaurant without paying the bill. (customer)
- client b. customer c. consumer
- Jorge, a family lawyer, is having a meeting with his ______ regarding visitation rights. (client)
- client b. consumer c. customer
- Mrs. Smith, a Mathematics teacher, wanted to have a special class with her ______ to help them with their low scores. (students)
- client b. customer c. students
- Dr. Lance is a famous surgeon, so many people want to have an appointment with him. Unfortunately, because of the number of _____ he has now, he’s not accepting new ones. (patients)
- clients b. patients c. customers
- ABC Inc. hired the Jane’s services to prepare the company’s financial records. Jane considered ABC Inc. as one of her biggest ______. (clients)
- clients b. customers c. consumers
- Lisa bought some cereal and milk for her children. Her children are considered the _______________. (consumers)
- clients b. customers c. consumers
- Mike designs new buildings and makes sure that these are built according to plan. He has many _________. (clients)
- clients b. customers c. consumers
Une la columna A con la columna B.
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Ejercicios de comunicación sobre Compradores, vendedores y el mercado
- If given the chance to have your own company, what goods or services would you sell/provide?
- Would you like to work for a company that sells products or provides services?
- Do you want to sell your product in public or in companies?
- Who will be your target market if you open a company?
- Do you want to sell products already available in the market or innovate a new product?